Joe Biden sat through many state of the union speeches as a U.S. senator and vice-president. On Tuesday night, he'll deliver the address himself for the first time as president.
But it comes at a challenging time for Biden, who is weighed down by public disapproval of his handling of the economy and the pandemic.
The address also comes days after Russia opened war against Ukraine, despite U.S.-led efforts to prevent military conflict.
And it follows Biden's announcement last week of his candidate for an opening on the Supreme Court.
Here's what to watch for.
How will Biden describe state of the U.S.?
The White House wouldn't tell in advance. But whether times are good or bad, presidents generally have been consistent in opening these speeches by declaring that "the state of our union is strong" or words very much like it.
Barbara Perry, director of presidential studies at the University of Virginia's Miller Center, thinks Biden should go further and acknowledge at the outset that people are feeling pinched by rising prices for everyday staples like food and gas.
"Say the state of the union is strong and say why he thinks that," Perry said, "but then admit that people are feeling pain and say what he's doing to try and correct that."
Folks in every corner of the country are hosting parties to watch the address and discuss our vision for America. Join one here: https://t.co/hap8s9XNcu—@JoeBiden
What will Biden talk about?
Biden will "absolutely use the word inflation" and talk about his plans for reducing costs, said White House press secretary Jen Psaki. He'll also call on Congress to act on his now-stalled proposals for lowering the cost of child care, elder care and prescription drugs, she said.
Biden will explain the U.S. role in Russia's war against Ukraine, including rallying the West to support the Ukrainian people, who want to remain independent, Psaki said.
Just 26 per cent of those surveyed in a recent Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research poll said the U.S. should have a major role in the conflict.
Biden can also be expected to discuss Judge Ketanji Brown Jackson, his nominee for an upcoming opening on the Supreme Court.
Are there COVID-19 concerns?
Mask-wearing will be optional for those attending the address. That's thanks to updated mask guidance issued by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention last week due to a sharp drop in cases, hospitalizations and deaths caused by the Omicron strain of the coronavirus.
Biden will not wear a mask, Psaki said Tuesday. Face coverings were required last year when he addressed Congress.
All members of Congress were invited to attend. Attendance was limited last year and guests were banned to allow for physical distancing. Guests also will not be allowed Tuesday.
COVID-19 tests and physical distancing measures will still be required of attendees.
At least a half dozen lawmakers, including Rep. Jamie Raskin, a Maryland Democrat, and Rep. Pete Aguilar, a California Democrat, both members of the committee investigating last year's Capitol riot, and Sen. Alex Padilla, a California Democrat, were not expected for the speech after they reported positive COVID-19 tests.
Republican Sen. Marco Rubio of Florida, said he would skip the speech rather than participate in what he called COVID "theatre." "I'm just not taking any more COVID tests unless I'm sick," he said.
Are there security concerns?
While there aren't any specific or credible threats related to the speech, law enforcement officials aren't taking any chances and have again put up fencing around the U.S. Capitol. Police cars with flashing lights are stationed at major intersections and highways and the National Guard is on standby. No one wants a repeat of the events of Jan. 6, 2021, when a violent mob stormed the building and interrupted the certification of Biden's 2020 presidential victory.
How will Republicans respond?
Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds has the assignment. Reynolds is the first woman elected governor of that state. She also was the first governor during the pandemic to require schools to reopen for full-time, in-person learning.
Republican leaders portray Republican-led states as doing a better job on the pandemic than the federal government, which is led by Democrats. Reynolds pushed back against mask and vaccine mandates, and spoke skeptically about the effectiveness of masks to slow the spread of the virus.
Separately, Rep. Rashida Tlaib, a Michigan Democrat, will deliver the Working Families Party response, the party announced. Tlaib will offer support for Biden's agenda, urge Democrats to pass policies that meet people's needs and rally progressives to build strong majorities in the midterm elections.
What about the first lady?
Jill Biden will take her customary seat in the gallery overlooking the House chamber with a group of in-person guests that includes Oksana Markarova, Ukraine's ambassador to the U.S.; Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen; and Intel CEO Patrick Gelsinger.
Biden's state of the union history
Biden was a U.S. senator for 36 years and sat in the audience for many state of the union addresses. After becoming vice-president in 2009, Biden sat at the rostrum, with the House speaker, for president Barack Obama's addresses.
